視頻鏈接:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VIo5EZbnOk3giDROOr4IDg
福島核污染水排?，F(xiàn)危害 排海是否唯一選擇
各位，這里是綠色江南《福島核污染水專題訪談面對面》，我是主持人雨歌。
據(jù)了解，福島核電站第四輪核污染水排海將于2024年2月下旬開始，排放量為7800噸，屆時4輪排放總量累計為3.12萬噸。距日本政府正式啟動福島核污染水排海方案至今，已過去近5個月的時間，由于核污染水中含有大量的放射性物質(zhì)，排放入海的核污染水對日本本土是否產(chǎn)生影響？核污染水存儲量是否已到必須排海、無處可存的地步？今天我們邀請到了綠色江南創(chuàng)始人方應(yīng)君主任來為大家解答。
大家近期應(yīng)該聽過關(guān)于大阪府?dāng)z津市部分居民的血液中被檢出有機(jī)氟化合物含量偏高，健康因此受到威脅的報道。調(diào)查人員分析認(rèn)為，這可能與當(dāng)?shù)睾恿骱偷叵滤腥投喾榛镔|(zhì)含量超標(biāo)有關(guān)。據(jù)了解，此前大阪從未有過血液檢測有問題的情況，而全氟和多氟烷基物質(zhì)難以降解，會在環(huán)境和人體中累積，因此被稱為“永久性化學(xué)物”，與放射性物質(zhì)性質(zhì)相似。
這一事件再次引發(fā)日本民眾對環(huán)境公害的關(guān)注，日本政府在這方面也有過慘痛教訓(xùn)。世界八大環(huán)境公害事件中日本就占了四件（水俁病、骨痛病、四日市哮喘、米糠油事件），很多日本國民深受病痛折磨，這些環(huán)境公害事件影響了幾代人，至今許多受害者仍在為索賠而斗爭。
而經(jīng)過“多核素去除設(shè)備”簡單處理的核污染水中飽含氚、鍶-90、銫-137、鈷-60、碳-14等放射性核素殘留。這些放射性核素由于半衰期長，一旦排海，除了污染海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境之外，還會通過海洋食物鏈在人體中富集，對人類的生存安全產(chǎn)生威脅。因此，隨著時間的推移，排放量的增加，全球海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境、人類身體健康都將無法保障。
自2011年3月11日，福島第一核電站發(fā)生重大泄露事故之后，日本政府要求方圓30公里以內(nèi)的居民采取相應(yīng)的避險措施。截至目前，日本政府仍指定福島第一核電站周圍一定范圍為避難指示區(qū)域。因此，除廠區(qū)內(nèi)，福島縣有大量的土地空間可以建造更多儲存罐用來儲存未來30年的核污染水，我們以核污染水每天增加100噸來計算，未來30年新增的核污染水在110萬噸左右，也就是說日本政府再建造1000個左右的儲罐即可滿足需求。而這些儲存罐中的核污染水隨著時間的推移，多數(shù)放射性核素將安全渡過半衰期，對環(huán)境和人類的危害也會大大降低。
除此之外，據(jù)共同社消息，2023年11月28日，日本政府正式?jīng)Q定，將一系列描繪1945年廣島原子彈爆炸后災(zāi)難的照片和視頻推薦給聯(lián)合國教科文組織“世界記憶遺產(chǎn)”候選。日本政府一方面強(qiáng)推核污染水排海，一方面又推薦核爆災(zāi)難資料入“世界記憶遺產(chǎn)”，既當(dāng)受害方，又做施害者，該行為實在讓全球匪夷所思。我們希望日本政府能夠嚴(yán)肅對待國內(nèi)民眾的關(guān)切，正視國際社會抗議，特別是周邊鄰國的強(qiáng)烈擔(dān)憂，本著負(fù)責(zé)任和建設(shè)性的態(tài)度，妥善處置核污染水。綠色江南將持續(xù)關(guān)注福島核污染水排海事件的進(jìn)展。
Hazards of Discharging Fukushima Nuclear Contaminated Water into the Sea:Is discharging into the Sea the only option?
Compere: Ladies and gentlemen, this is Lvse Jiangnan “Fukushima nuclear contaminated water topic” interview face-to-face, I am the host Yu Ge.
It is understood that the fourth round of nuclear contaminated water discharging from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant into the sea will begin in late February 2024, with emissions of 7,800 tons, and the total amount of four rounds of discharges will be 31,200 tons. It has been nearly five months since the Japanese government officially launched the plan to discharge the Fukushima nuclear contaminated water into the sea. Since nuclear contaminated water contains a large amount of radioactive substances, does the nuclear contaminated water discharged into the sea have an impact on the mainland of Japan? Has the storage capacity of nuclear contaminated water reached the point where it must be discharged into the sea and there is nowhere else to store it? Today we invited Mr. Fang Yingjun, founder of Lvse Jiangnan, to answer this question for us.
We may have heard recently about the health risks posed by high levels of organofluorine compounds that have been detected in the blood of some residents of Settsu City, Osaka Prefecture. Investigators have analyzed that this may be related to excessive levels of perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances in local rivers and groundwater. As far as is known, there has never been a problem with blood testing in Osaka before, and perfluoro and polyfluoroalkyl substances, which are difficult to degrade and accumulate in the environment and the human body, are known as “permanent chemicals” and are similar in nature to radioactive substances.
This incident has once again aroused the concern of the Japanese people about environmental hazards, and the Japanese government has learned a painful lesson in this regard. Japan is responsible for four of the world’s eight major environmental hazards (Minamata disease, bone-pain disease, asthma in Yokkaichi, and the rice bran oil incident), and many Japanese nationals have suffered greatly from their illnesses and pains, which have affected generations, and many of the victims are still fighting for compensation today.
The nuclear contaminated water that is simply treated by the Multi-Nuclide Removal Facility is full of radionuclide residues such as tritium, strontium-90, cesium-137, cobalt-60, and carbon-14. These radionuclides, due to their long half-life, once discharged into the sea, in addition to polluting the marine ecosystem, will also be enriched in the human body through the marine food chain, posing a threat to the survival and safety of human beings. Therefore, with the passage of time and the increase in emissions, the global marine ecosystem and human health will not be safeguarded.
Since the major leakage at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant on March 11, 2011, the Japanese governmenthas required residents within a 30-kilometer radius to take corresponding evacuation measures. To date, the Japanese government has designated a certain area around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant as an evacuation instruction area. Therefore, in addition to the plant, Fukushima Prefecture has a lot of land space to build more storage tanks to store nuclear contaminated water for the next 30 years. If we take the increase of 100 tons of nuclear contaminated water per day, the increase of nuclear contaminated water in the next 30 years will be about 1.1 million tons, which means that the Japanese government can build about 1,000 more storage tanks to meet the demand. And with the passage of time, most of the radionuclides in the nuclear contaminated water in these storage tanks will safely pass their half-lives, and the hazards to the environment and human beings will be greatly reduced.
In addition, according to Kyodo News, on November 28, 2023, the Japanese government officially decided to recommend a series of photos and videos depicting the disaster of the atomic bombingin Hiroshima in 1945 to UNESCO for inscription on the list of the“Memory of the World Heritage”. On the one hand, the Japanese government is pushing for the discharge of nuclear contaminated water into the sea, and on the other hand, it is recommending the inclusion of information on the disaster of the atomic bombing in the “Memory of the World Heritage”, and is acting as a victim as well as a perpetrator, which is really mind-boggling to the whole world. We hope that the Japanese government will take seriously the concerns of its domestic people, face up to the protests of the international community, especially the strong concerns of its surrounding neighbors, and properly dispose of the nuclear contaminated water in a responsible and constructive manner. Lvse Jiangnan will continue to pay attention to the progress of the discharge of the Fukushima nuclear contaminated water.
福島原発の汚染水排出の危険性 海洋放出しか選択肢はないのか？
內(nèi)容來源：綠色江南微信公眾號